Models
Every EV we cover
Winter range estimates, cabin-heating type, and cold-charging notes for the EVs most common in northern climates.
Tesla Model 3 Long Range
2021+ Long Range uses an octovalve heat-pump system; earlier units used resistive heat.
View modelTesla Model Y Long Range
Heat pump standard since 2021; earlier units used resistive heat.
View modelHyundai Ioniq 5
Heat pump is standard or optional depending on market and trim; confirm before buying.
View modelHyundai Ioniq 6
Heat pump availability varies by market/trim; confirm before buying.
View modelKia EV6
Heat pump availability varies by market/trim; confirm before buying.
View modelVW ID.4
Heat pump is optional or standard depending on market/model year; many US units use resistive heat.
View modelFord Mustang Mach-E
Heat pump added on later model years (2024+ on some trims); earlier units use resistive heat.
View modelChevrolet Bolt EV / Bolt EUV
No heat pump; resistive cabin heat throughout production.
View modelNissan Leaf
No heat pump on most trims (older SV/SL had an optional hybrid heater); battery is air-cooled.
View modelFord F-150 Lightning
No heat pump on most trims; resistive cabin heat.
View modelRivian R1T / R1S
Resistive heat standard; heat pump introduced on some later builds/configurations.
View modelBMW i4 eDrive40
Heat pump standard.
View modelPolestar 2
Heat pump is part of the optional Plus pack (standard on some years); base trims use resistive heat.
View modelAudi Q4 e-tron
Heat pump optional or standard depending on market; verify before buying.
View modelVolvo XC40 / EX40 Recharge
Heat pump standard on most builds.
View modelTesla Model S / Model X
Heat pump standard on current production.
View model